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News Swiftly

Microscopic gears powered by light could be used to make tiny machines

Gears just a few micrometres wide can be carved from silicon using a beam of electrons, enabling tiny robots or machines that could interact with human cells

Gears about 10 micrometres wide made from etched silicon, viewed with an electron microscope Gan Wang / Myfab Chalmers

Minuscule gears that are thinner than a human hair and powered by light could be used to study human cells or power tiny, complex robots.

Gear systems often struggle to work at a size below a tenth of a millimetre, about the thickness of an average piece of paper, because it is difficult to miniaturise the power systems that drive them. Some simple systems, such as rotors built from DNA, can be built at nanoscales, but these are bespoke and?